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Chromosomal investigation in foetuses with developmental abnormalities
Štolfa, Miroslav ; Novotná, Drahuše (advisor) ; Král, Jiří (referee)
Chromosomal aberrations are common causes of abnormal development of fetuses leading to the birth of malformed indvidual or to the intrauterine death. Half of miscarriages in the first trimester and a third in the second trimester are caused by fetal chromosomal abnormalities, mainly aneuploidies. If fetus is abnormally developed, invasive prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis should be recommended. Positive cytogenetic finding can be reason for induced abortion till the end of 24th week of gestation. We investigated 81 miscarriages, 46 fetuses from induced abortions and 80 fetuses with abnormal development from ongoing pregnancies. G-banding analysis was used as the main method for investigating miscarriages. Genomic DNA isolated from abnormally developed fetuses was screened by array CGH technique. We found 43,75 % chromosomal abnormal miscarried fetuses, majority of them with numerical aberrations (91,4 %). In group of induced abortions, 25,71 % fetuses carried chromosomal abnormality. The lowest rate 11,67 % of chromosoal aberrations was detected in group of prenatally diagnosed fetuses from ongoing pregnancies. Array CGH detected submicroscopic aberrations in 13,41 % fetuses with ultrasound findings. All together 25,74 % microscopic and causal submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities were found to be...
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Issue of Abortion
Váňa, Miroslav ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Matějek, Jaromír (referee)
This diploma thesis is aimed at an induced abortion issue and it considers it a bioethical issue. The author refers to a difference between views of theological and biological sciences that deal with the given issue. Simultaneously it provides a reader with an essential outline of basic embryological and medical processes which enable understanding of the given issue. On the one hand, the thesis presents a reader legal essentials related to the given topic in a historical legal context, on the other hand it does not ignore a contemporary development. It regards the given issue from a point of view of various Christian churches, although it does not work in a field of theology. It refers to negative health consequences of a miscarriage and induced abortion and simultaneously it presents basic information about contraception and about contraceptive and abortive means. The thesis also presents a reader with opinions and moral norms of selected Christian churches that express their opinions on abortion, contraception and interception. The author reflects upon the given moral norms. One of the aims of the thesis is to find a suitable way of presenting the moral norms in the field of induced abortion and interception so that the reason and consciousness of the individual were respected. The diploma...
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Potratovost obyvatelstva České republiky, časový vývoj a prostorová diferencovanost
FIKAROVÁ, Nikola
Bachelor thesis devotes to abortion of the population in the Czech Republic. The work is concerned with analysis of this demographic process from time view, but also from the place view with concentrating on regions and districts of Czechia. Primary goal was to collect statistical information about the abortions in Czech Republic. There is laid stress on catching the changes in abortion's legislation development in the work. Those changes were applied in data monitoring of abortions in Czech Republic. The work content was to evaluate the abortions using indicators as gross rate of abortions or abortion's index. There was paid attention to characteristic of the abortions with the respect to spontaneous abortion or termination of the pregnancy. The results of research are presented using the tables, charts and maps.
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Issue of Abortion
Váňa, Miroslav ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Štica, Petr (referee)
This diploma thesis is aimed at problems of abortion and simultaneously of a different view of theological and biological sciences that deal with these problems. Concurrently, it is necessary to offer an essential outline of basic embryological and medical processes which enable understanding the given problem in view of importance of this situation. On the one hand the thesis presents legal essentials related to the topic in a historical legal context, on the other hand it does not exclude contemporary trends. It regards the given problems through a point of view of various Christian churches as well as world religious streams. It refers to negative health consequences of miscarriage and induced abortion but in the same time it presents basic information about contraception and differentiation of contraceptive and interceptive means. The thesis also presents opinions of individual churches that express their view of contraception or interception. The author of this thesis thinks critically over these thoughts and invites readers to create their own reflection of given problems. He tries to outline a wide range of these problems in the new, wider and often ignored point of view, that is of father's view. A father is often totally ignored during an abortion though he is actually a half-donor of...
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Determination of spontaneus abortions - the role of Apo E gene polymorphism, importance of selected congenital thrombophilias and thyroid function during the pregnancy
Kašparová, Dita ; Fait, Tomáš (advisor) ; Procházka, Martin (referee) ; Límanová, Zdeňka (referee)
Introduction: Spontaneous abortion (SA) is the most common complication in pregnancy. The aim of the study was to investigate the causality of selected genetic factors - Apolipoprotein E (Apo E) gene polymorphisms, factor V Leiden (FVL), Prothrombin (PT G20210A) and nongenetics factors - Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (a-TPO) in the role of early SA. Materials and methods: For genotyping of APO E polymorphism was used PCR-RFLP. The detection of mutations in genes FV and FII was performed using by HRM. Laboratory markers of thyroid (TSH, a-TPO and fT4) were determined by an automated analyzer using chemiluminescent immunoassay. Results: APOE genotypes of investigated group of 410 samples abortioned embryonic/ fetal tissues were not significantly different from 2 606 adult controls (P = 0.653). In observed infertile group of 75 women with isolated SA was FVL detected in heterozygous constitution with a prevalence of 12 %. The prevalence of FVL in a group of women with early insulated SA was significantly higher than 76 controls (12 % vs. 2.6 %, P = 0.031). The difference of PTG20210A prevalence between women with isolated SA and controls was not significant (4 % vs. 5.3 %, P = 1). The prevalence of elevated TSH levels (higher than 2.5...
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Chromosomal investigation in foetuses with developmental abnormalities
Štolfa, Miroslav ; Novotná, Drahuše (advisor) ; Král, Jiří (referee)
Chromosomal aberrations are common causes of abnormal development of fetuses leading to the birth of malformed indvidual or to the intrauterine death. Half of miscarriages in the first trimester and a third in the second trimester are caused by fetal chromosomal abnormalities, mainly aneuploidies. If fetus is abnormally developed, invasive prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis should be recommended. Positive cytogenetic finding can be reason for induced abortion till the end of 24th week of gestation. We investigated 81 miscarriages, 46 fetuses from induced abortions and 80 fetuses with abnormal development from ongoing pregnancies. G-banding analysis was used as the main method for investigating miscarriages. Genomic DNA isolated from abnormally developed fetuses was screened by array CGH technique. We found 43,75 % chromosomal abnormal miscarried fetuses, majority of them with numerical aberrations (91,4 %). In group of induced abortions, 25,71 % fetuses carried chromosomal abnormality. The lowest rate 11,67 % of chromosoal aberrations was detected in group of prenatally diagnosed fetuses from ongoing pregnancies. Array CGH detected submicroscopic aberrations in 13,41 % fetuses with ultrasound findings. All together 25,74 % microscopic and causal submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities were found to be...
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